Introduction to topical ontology of fraud
A topical ontology is concerned with specific related themes. It captures the knowledge structure of the domain expert on the subject. It represents specific conceptual perspectives of fundamental concepts from multiple subject domains and the business logic of different but related applications.
The topical ontology of fraud seeks to represent the principles, assumptions and know-how of fraud examiners. The central topic, fraud, is seen as an event. It is configured into a basic conceptual schema of participant, action, process, object, state and attribute.
The design pattern used to architect the topical ontology of fraud is specified below in UML.
The ontology of fraud is architected into six key components: prevention, detection, investigation, resolution, motivation and types.
Each component is further structured into modules of entities and relations.
Below is a simple example of extracting and abstracting ontology from the knowledge elaboration from the knowledge analysis, using the AKEM ontology editor. Highlightings in the knowledge elaboration on the left hand column is one of the two techniques of recognising relevant concepts and relations expressed by key words and phrases.
Entities and relations are extracted and abstracted from knowledge resources, such as legislations, knowledge elicitation, in a knowledge management process.
Refereces
G. Zhao, R. Meersman, Architecting ontology for Scalability and Versatility, Proceedings of the On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems 2005: International Conference on Ontologies, Databases and Applications of Semantics, LNCS, Springer Verlag, 2005.
G. Zhao, J. Kingston, K. Kerremans, F. Coppens, R. Verlinden, R. Temmerman, R. Meersman, Engineering an Ontology of Financial Securities Fraud, Workshop of Regulatory Ontology, OTM 2004, http://www.springerlink.com/index/RJPH0CFXCPUUKEL0.
G. Zhao and R. Leary, Topical ontology of fraud
W. S. Albrecht, Fraud Examination, Thomason, 2003
J. Wells, Encyclopaedia of Fraud, 2005
Niles, I., Pease, A: Towards a Standard Upper Ontology. In Welty, C. and Smith, B. (eds.): Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Formal Ontology in Information Systems (FOIS-2001), Ogunquit, Maine (2001)